What is a potential effect of Clonidine discontinuation?

When Clonidine, an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist used primarily to treat high blood pressure and ADHD, is discontinued suddenly or without proper tapering, the body may react with a significant increase in blood pressure. This is referred to as rebound hypertension. The mechanism behind this effect is due to the upregulation of adrenergic receptors that occur when Clonidine is removed; the body, which has become reliant on the drug's effects to manage sympathetic nervous system activity, can overreact when it is no longer present. This rebound effect can lead to elevated blood pressure levels that may significantly exceed pre-treatment values, making it a critical consideration when planning to discontinue the medication.

Other potential effects of withdrawal may occur but do not have the same direct, acute implications as rebound hypertension. Hypoglycemia, increased appetite, and skin rash are not typically associated with Clonidine withdrawal and thus do not characterize the potential risks of sudden discontinuation of this medication.