What is the mechanism of action of Benazepril Hydrochloride as an ACE inhibitor?

Benazepril Hydrochloride acts as an ACE (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme) inhibitor, which primarily works by reducing serum aldosterone levels. The mechanism involves the inhibition of the ACE, an enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor that also stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal glands. Aldosterone promotes sodium and water retention, which can lead to increased blood volume and pressure.

By blocking the production of angiotensin II, Benazepril decreases the secretion of aldosterone, leading to a reduction in sodium and water retention. Consequently, this helps to lower blood pressure and reduce the workload on the heart, making Benazepril effective in the management of hypertension and heart failure.

The other choices provided do not accurately describe the action of Benazepril. Calcium channel blockers target calcium influx in cardiac and smooth muscle cells, which is unrelated to the effects of ACE inhibitors. Blocking β-adrenergic receptors pertains to a different class of medications used in managing hypertension and heart conditions. Lastly, stimulating the sympathetic nervous system would increase heart rate and blood pressure, contrary to the lowering effect that ACE inhibitors have on blood pressure.