What is the mechanism of action of Fenofibrate?

The mechanism of action of Fenofibrate is primarily through the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). This action leads to several metabolic effects, including increased fatty acid oxidation in the liver and striated muscle, reduced triglyceride levels, and enhancement of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. When PPARα is activated, it promotes the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, ultimately leading to a reduction in triglyceride-rich lipoprotein levels.

Understanding the role of PPARα is crucial because it helps clarify Fenofibrate's indications in the treatment of dyslipidemia, particularly in patients with high triglyceride levels and low HDL cholesterol. The drug's effect on lipid metabolism contributes to its cardiovascular protective benefits, which are important in preventing atherosclerotic disease.

Other mechanisms of action described in the options—such as the inhibition of cholesterol absorption or increased protein synthesis—do not accurately represent how Fenofibrate operates, as its primary role is not in directly affecting cholesterol absorption or general protein synthesis, but rather through its specific impact on lipid metabolism mediated by PPARα.