What is the primary mechanism of action for Oseltamivir?

Oseltamivir's primary mechanism of action involves inhibiting the neuraminidase enzyme of the influenza virus. Neuraminidase is crucial for the viral replication cycle, as it enables the release of newly formed virions from infected cells. By blocking this enzyme, Oseltamivir prevents the virus from spreading to neighboring cells, thereby reducing the severity and duration of influenza symptoms.

This targeted action underscores why Oseltamivir is effective in treating influenza infections, particularly when administered early during the symptomatic phase of the illness. The drug’s specificity for viral neuraminidase is what distinguishes it as an antiviral agent, separate from agents that might inhibit viral RNA synthesis or affect other aspects of viral or bacterial cellular processes.