What is the primary mechanism of action for Ketoconazole?

Ketoconazole primarily acts as an antifungal agent through its ability to damage the fungal cell wall membrane and alter its permeability. This mechanism is centered on its role as an azole antifungal drug, which inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. By interfering with ergosterol production, ketoconazole disrupts the integrity of the fungal cell membrane, resulting in increased permeability and ultimately leading to cell death. This is crucial for its effectiveness against a variety of fungal infections.

The other responses reference mechanisms associated with different classes of drugs. For instance, inhibiting protein synthesis is characteristic of antibiotics targeting bacteria; disrupting cell division is also a mechanism seen in certain antibacterial agents; and inhibiting viral RNA synthesis pertains specifically to antiviral medications. Hence, these options do not align with the pharmacological action of ketoconazole.