What mechanism of action does Nifedipine have?

Nifedipine is classified as a calcium channel blocker, which specifically inhibits calcium influx into cardiac and smooth muscle. This mechanism leads to relaxation of vascular smooth muscle, resulting in vasodilation, decreased peripheral resistance, and ultimately lower blood pressure. By preventing calcium from entering the cells of the heart and blood vessels, nifedipine effectively reduces the strength of cardiac contractions and dilates coronary and peripheral arteries, improving blood flow and reducing heart workload.

This action is pivotal in managing conditions such as hypertension and angina, as it helps decrease the demand for oxygen by the heart muscle while simultaneously improving oxygen delivery. This understanding of nifedipine's mechanism of action is fundamental when considering its therapeutic applications and the physiological effects on the cardiovascular system.